Language Rich Europe chiude a Bruxelles e lancia il suo messaggio. Le parole chiave della conferenza

This week’s blog comes from our Language Rich Italy partners Silvia Minardi and Monica Barni. Here they are reflecting back over our final conference:

Il progetto Language Rich Europe è un progetto europeo coordinato dal British Council che ha raccolto, attraverso i 24 Paesi che vi hanno preso parte, 1200 attori nei campi dell’ educazione, dell’ economia, dei mass media e delle comunità locali di diversi Paesi e regioni d’Europa per discutere la reale applicazione delle indicazioni europee in materia di multilinguismo.

Per farlo sono stati raccolti e analizzati i dati raccolti attraverso un questionario che ha coinvolto esperti e ricercatori nei diversi Paesi. I dati sono stati messi a confronto con le normative europee e ciascun Paese ha elaborato tre raccomandazioni che sono state messe a disposizione delle istituzioni di ciascun paese. Alle raccomandazioni di ciascun Paese si affiancano le Raccomandazioni che gli esperti che hanno coordinato il progetto hanno elaborato e presentato nel corso della conferenza finale di Bruxelles del 5 febbraio. Per quanto riguarda l’Italia, oltre al British Council, i partner sono stati l’Università per Stranieri di Siena e l’associazione LEND, lingua e nuova didattica.

Di ritorno dalla conferenza del 5 marzo 2013 a Bruxelles con cui si è chiuso il progetto Language Rich Europe vorremmo poter riflettere su alcune parole che il progetto lancia attraverso i documenti e i lavori di questi anni di lavoro.

A Bruxelles abbiamo conosciuto e toccato con mano la doppia tensione che caratterizza l’Europa in materia di multilinguismo che si pone sul piano sociale e sul piano economico.

Abbiamo infatti avuto la riprova di come una società basata sulle diversità abbia bisogno di un nuovo modello culturale di riferimento e anche di sviluppo che dia ad ogni cittadino europeo gli strumenti per diventare mediatore tra lingue e linguaggi diversi. Questo modello non è possibile senza una politica linguistica aperta al plurilinguismo e all’educazione interculturale. Il punto su cui ci si interroga oggi è cosa intendiamo per “plurilinguismo” una volta capito che nessuno vuole rinunciare al modello “lingua materna più due lingue”, anche se è opinione condivisa da molti a Bruxelles e non solo che quel modello va ripensato e reso più attuale.

Ma c’è anche nelle istituzioni europee – che erano tutte rappresentate a Bruxelles – una netta convinzione che la diversità linguistica e politiche aperte al multilinguismo possono contribuire ad una efficace uscita dalla grave crisi economica che ci colpisce. Il legame tra le limitate competenze plurilingui dei cittadini europei e la difficoltà di accesso al mercato globale spinge le istituzioni a interrogarsi sul ruolo che adeguate politiche educative potrebbero svolgere per superare l’attuale congiuntura economica.

Proviamo a ripercorrere il lavoro della conferenza finale attraverso cinque parole chiave.

Diversità

Nella parola diversità abbiamo visto, ancora una volta, la fotografia di quello che è l’Europa e di quello a cui il vecchio continente non vuole rinunciare.

Un primo elemento chiave della diversità che emerge dalla ricerca che ha messo in luce i bisogni linguistici e dimostrato è che, nell’Europa in cui viviamo, i bisogni linguistici delle persone che la abitano sono profondamente mutati e maggiormente diversificati. La formula “lingua madre più due lingue” ha oggi bisogno di essere ripensata e attualizzata per ricomprendere anche le lingue del mondo e non solo le lingue europee. Vanno ripensati, in particolare, il rapporto lingua madre – lingua di scolarizzazione e il ruolo della lingua inglese rispetto alle altre lingue.

La formula “lingua madre più due lingue” sicuramente ha aiutato ad aumentare la presenza delle lingue degli altri nelle politiche educative, ma è stata anche interpretata in modo restrittivo, come “lingua madre più inglese più un’altra lingua”, limitando, nei fatti, la presenza di tante lingue nelle politiche scolastiche. È una formula che non tiene conto della presenza e del bisogno di comunicare anche in lingue non europee, ovvero delle lingue dei migranti i quali, se da un lato, hanno il bisogno e il diritto di conoscere la lingua del paese in cui vivono, dall’altro, devono poter vedere la loro lingua di origine valorizzata e insegnata nelle nostre scuole.

Un tratto importante delle diversità presenti in Europa emerge dal filone sulle città sempre più caratterizzate da una molteplicità di lingue e di culture. A fronte della paura e dei tentativi di chiusura nei confronti della diversità occorre reagire con strumenti che vanno nella direzione di una sempre più diffusa comunicazione in più lingue come se questa fosse la normalità e non l’anomalia.

Una prova concreta della diversità si trova anche nelle Raccomandazioni che ciascun Paese ha formulato, al termine del progetto LRE, sulla base dei dati della ricerca. Ci sono, nei diversi paesi europei, istanze e preoccupazioni diverse in ordine al tema del multilinguismo. Ci sono anche risposte e proposte di risposta che variano da realtà a realtà. Ecco perché accanto alle raccomandazioni che ciascun paese ha formulato per sé ci sono anche le raccomandazioni europee che valgono per tutti i Paesi coinvolti nel progetto e che inseriscono le singole istanze in un quadro di riferimento e in un orizzonte più ampio.

Coerenza

Anche se la diversità è nella realtà delle cose, occorre che i diversi attori rispondano alle diverse istanze riconducendole in un quadro coerente. Una coerenza, più volte auspicata, riguarda il concetto stesso di “multilinguismo”: non tutti i relatori che hanno preso parte alle tavole rotonde della conferenza di Bruxelles condividono la stessa idea e hanno avuto lo stesso approccio al concetto di educazione plurilingue e di educazione interculturale. Sicuramente ci sarebbe bisogno di coerenza all’interno del curricolo scolastico e tra i diversi livelli di scolarità oltre che tra le diverse tipologie di scuola. Si tratta di un terreno difficile da esplorare, se si considera il fatto che le politiche educative sono materia di competenza dei singoli stati.

Ci vuole coerenza anche tra i diversi attori coinvolti nella implementazione di decisioni e pratiche per rendere l’Europa sempre più multilingue: la ricerca dimostra che, a fronte di raccomandazioni anche molto precise a livello europeo in tema di mulitlinguismo, le risposte dei singoli stati e delle pratiche sia nella scuola che nelle comunità variano in modo tale da essere, nel migliore dei casi, su due binari che raramente si incontrano. Si pensi, ad esempio, a tutto il tema del doppiaggio e dell’uso dei sottotitoli nei film stranieri. Da una parte, c’è chi invoca da tempo l’uso di film non doppiati alla televisione. Al tempo stesso, tutti sanno che in molti paesi, quella del doppiaggio è un’industria che dà lavoro a molte persone. Su questo tema, ci sembra obiettivamente difficile riuscire a trovare un punto condiviso da tutti.

Valutazione

Anche se il tema della valutazione non è prioritario nel progetto LRE è emerso negli interventi dei partecipanti alla conferenza di Bruxelles, una preoccupazione diffusa: il livello di competenze raggiunto dagli europei in ambito linguistico non è omogeneo tra i diversi paesi e, soprattutto, viene considerato troppo basso. Diversi interventi si sono soffermati sui risultati di Surveylang, il progetto sull’indicatore europeo delle competenze linguistiche a cui hanno partecipato sedici paesi europei. I quindicenni europei, dopo aver studiato una o due lingue rispettivamente per un periodo di tempo che va dai tre ai sette anni in media, hanno una competenza limitata se si pensa che solo il 42% raggiunge il livello di “Independent user”.

Le indicazioni che la Commissione Europea ha dato nel documento “Rethinking education”, in particolare nell’allegato riferito alle lingue va nella direzione di spronare gli stati ad ottenere un più alto livello nelle competenze linguistiche per tutti.

Quello che sappiamo, in termini di apprendimento, è che i saperi di cui gli adolescenti di oggi avranno bisogno domani, non sono saperi statici o routine cognitive, ma capacità di analisi e di interazione, sono saperi complessi che, il più delle volte, sfuggono ai test e che richiedono didattiche collaborative e un insegnamento interattivo in cui chi apprende una lingua sia messo nella situazione di doversi servire di quella lingua per portare a termine un compito.

In tema di valutazione, una riflessione interessante e che potrebbe diventare presto un importante filone di ricerca riguarda le modalità di valutazione delle competenze plurilingui, considerato ad esempio che la condizione nativa di plurilingue riguarda molti alunni delle scuole.

 

Profilo diversificato

La parola “profilo” è stata usata, in alcuni interventi, a richiamare a tutti l’esigenza di riconoscere che, se è vero che servono competenze in più lingue per poter stare sui mercati mondiali e per poter vivere da cittadini europei il proprio tempo, occorre anche riconoscere a tutti la possibilità di sviluppare competenze in più lingue in modo diversificato e in modo parziale. Lo strumento del profilo delle competenze potrebbe aiutare sia i singoli sia le collettività e le imprese a riconoscere le lingue che si posseggono come risorse da utilizzare.

Da questo punto di vista i lavori del Consiglio d’Europa con il Quadro Europeo di Riferimento per le lingue e il Portfolio Europeo delle Lingue sono strumenti che possono essere utilizzati in un’ottica di promozione di una competenza plurilingue per tutti.

Politiche educative

In una educazione di qualità per tutti trovano un posto di riguardo le politiche che mirano a garantire a tutti un’educazione plurilingue e interculturale. Occorre ripensare l’insegnamento delle lingue oggi anche alla luce dei risultati del progetto LRE, delle riflessioni condotte dai ricercatori sull’indicatore delle competenze linguistiche, delle rinnovate esigenze di fabbisogno linguistico che il mondo dell’economia manifesta.

Al centro del rinnovamento della didattica delle lingue la conferenza LRE di Bruxelles ha messo l’accento sulla formazione dei docenti che ha bisogno di prevedere maggiori spazi di mobilità e strumenti di condivisione, anche tra docenti di lingue diverse, di modelli e di pratiche di innovazione.

 

Riflessioni finali

Le parole chiave della conferenza: diversità, coerenza, valutazione, profilo diversificato, politiche educative sono tutte da ripensare e da pertinentizzare nel contesto italiano. L’Italia presenta infatti, e paradossalmente in quanto paese nativamente multilingue, una grande carenza sia di interesse, sia di attitudine per la diversità e le lingue degli altri. Paradossalmente però, come mostrato dall’analisi dei risultati del progetto LRE, la chiusura verso le lingue non si traduce in una politica di difesa e diffusione sistematica della lingua nazionale. Possiamo affermare che l’intera sfera di pertinenza dell’educazione linguistica è in grande sofferenza: non esiste un progetto coerente di politica linguistica che, da una parte, miri a fornire sia agli italiani sia agli stranieri quella competenza in lingua italiana che li metta in grado di agire adeguatamente in una società complessa e di esercitare i propri diritti, e, dall’altra, fornisca a tutti quelle competenze nelle lingue degli altri che sono precondizione necessaria per affrontare le sfide del mondo attuale e dell’economia globale.

Occorre però rendersi conto che il disinteresse verso queste tematiche sta portando il nostro paese fuori dall’Europa e soprattutto fuori dal mercato globale.

English and Linguistic Imperialism – Time to move on?

‘Linguistic imperialism: still alive and kicking?’ was the topic of a British Council Signature Event at the recent IATEFL Conference and Exhibition in Liverpool. Robert Phillipson, the author of the 1992 book Linguistic Imperialism, stated in his opening comments that ‘English opens doors for some but closes it for many.’ The concern that local languages are often neglected in preference for English was one shared by many attending the session, although Sarah Ogbay (University of Asmara, Eritrea) counteracted that ‘what we usually see is that people want to learn English because it opens the door’ to opportunities rather than it being forced upon them.

The debate over the status of English is one that is surely going to continue for a long time, but in the Language Rich Europe recommendations we address the issue and attempt to move the discussion forward by calling for the position of English to be ‘explicitly acknowledged, in order to propose a new model for the co-existence of languages in Europe.’

The EU’s ‘mother tongue plus two’ policy, for example, in reality usually means ‘mother tongue, plus English, plus one.’ This does not leave much space in curriculums for other languages, particularly for individuals for whom the mother tongue is not the same as the language of schooling or in areas where the regional/minority language is not the same as the national language. The ‘plus one’ is further undermined by the belief that ‘English is enough.’ It is not.  For many, at least in Europe, the English language has become a basic skill to be listed on the CV alongside IT and Communication. To put yourself ahead of other candidates in the job market, yes learn English, but you now need other languages as well. The promotion of a ‘linguistic profile’ by the EU would be a less restrictive way of recognising the importance of all languages to an individual and their society.

According to Sarah Ogbay, ‘the spread of English does not undermine the local language as long as the language policy of the country really looks after the language of the local people.’ Research shows that children learn better by learning in their mother tongue and UNESCO promotes ‘mother tongue based multilingual education,’ but during the session many examples were given of children learning in English to the detriment of their native language. Language Rich Europe’s Recommendation 7 calls for ‘Migrant’, ‘Immigrant’, ‘Community’ to be

explicitly recognised through appropriate instruments at European level… the offer of languages other than the national language(s) should be adapted so that all students, regardless of their background have the opportunity to learn the languages of their community, from pre-primary to university education.

This builds on the Council of Europe’s European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, which recognises the importance of governmental support and promotion of these languages. Without policies many languages struggle to survive when competing with ‘bigger’ languages.

But it is difficult to know which languages require protection and the extent to which protection is necessary if data has not been collected on languages spoken and used in different communities. Language Rich Europe emphasises the importance of this by placing it right at the start of the recommendations:

Recommendation 1 – steps should be taken to increase current knowledge about the languages spoken and used in different communities and countries throughout Europe, and on the relationships between languages; for example, through data on translations. An initial survey of existing census data should be compiled and relevant authorities should be encouraged to carry out further census/survey work in this area.

Danny Whitehead, British Council, Indonesia, stated at the IATEFL event, ‘English can be and is a very powerful and valuable part of a person’s linguistic repertoire… it provides opportunities for individuals… it is the cornerstone for cultural relations.’

It should be ‘part of a person’s linguistic repertoire’ rather than a way of creating a monolingual individual. In the words of Becky, R.K. Ndjoze-Ojo (former Deputy Minister of Education, Namibia) ‘If English is a global language, which it is, how can it be used to give hope to speakers of thousands of other languages?’

- Read the Language Rich Europe Recommendations on our website

- View the ‘Linguistic imperialism: still alive and kicking?’ event and other IATEFL coverage here.

Other related blog posts:

- Is English a form of linguistic imperialism?

- International conference on endangered languages

Have you seen our European Recommendations? Call to Action!

Call for Multilingualism Good Practice case studies

 

 

 

Connecting-Classrooms-560Language Rich Europe invites you to submit your European good practice case study for sharing via the official project website.

Fill in this submission form. The LRE team will then review and publish your case study on the project website if it fulfils basic criteria.

We believe that a positive attitude towards multilingualism is important for a prosperous and stable Europe. The ability to communicate in other languages is essential if Europeans are to develop a broader international outlook and enhance their employment prospects. Good language policies and practices can create a positive framework within which successful language learning can take place. Sharing good practice case studies via this tool can also help us reach this goal.

It is really easy to use and allows you to submit your good practice case studies promoting multilingualism in any of our domains – official documents and databases, pre-primary, primary, secondary, further and higher education, audiovisual media and press, public services and spaces or business. You can select up to 2 domains that fit your case study.

LRE is targeted at decision makers and practitioners in education, business, public services and the media. We will also engage the beneficiaries of good language policies and practices – teachers and learners – to incorporate their views.

We look forward to receiving your submissions.

How multilingual is your country/region? Language Rich Europe self-evaluation framework online now!

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How multilingual is your country/region? The LRE framework for language policies and practices in the form of questionnaires is intended as a practical tool for self-evaluation, for awareness-raising and for motivating key stakeholders to take action. It is envisaged that the results of the research will trigger follow-up case studies which will yield complementary perspectives and data. It is based primarily on EU and Council of Europe conventions, resolutions and recommendations.

LRE facilitates self-evaluation in language policies and practices in the following language domains:

-       Pre-primary education

-       Primary education

-       Secondary education

-       Further and Higher education

-       Audiovisual media and press

-       Public services and spaces

-       Business

It also covers a meta-domain, exploring the availability of official documents and databases on language diversity.

The questionnaire covers four language types in the above domains. These include national languages, foreign languages, regional/minority languages and immigrant languages.

These questionnaires have been established in the context of the Language Rich Europe project, co-funded by the British Council and the European Commission under its Lifelong Learning Programme (LLP). Due to this public funding, the resource is available via open access for any further exploitation. Those who would like to do so are requested to make the following references in any anticipated publications:

Have you seen our European Recommendations? Call to action!

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The Language Rich Europe (LRE) consortium called on European institutions and member state governments to initiate new policies to support immigrant language teaching, revise trilingual learning, and use the particular position of English to promote and support multi/plurilingualism. This would help to develop a truly multilingual Europe and in turn ensure economic competitiveness while building more inclusive societies.

European Recommendations were presented in Brussels this week at the EESC during the LRE final conference. There was an institutional response from the European Commission, European Parliament and the Council of Europe.

Key findings & recommendations:

  • English is now the most widely-chosen second language in Europe’s schools, especially in higher education studies. A new model for developing and preserving other languages is needed to promote diversity among languages used and spoken by Europeans.
  • The European Commission’s trilingual formula of ‘mother tongue plus two’ should be updated and further developed. For many citizens ‘mother tongue’ is no longer the same as the national language. The particular position of English also means that in practice most citizens will learn English plus one, so it is rarely any ‘two’. A useful development of the formula could include the clear articulation of a linguistic profile.
  • The particular position of English in Europe should be explicitly acknowledged, in order to propose a new model for the co-existence of languages in Europe. This would have implications for policy formulations and would encourage more research and development work on the ways in which the position of English could be used to promote and support multi/plurilingualism rather than to undermine it. This would also mean that European funding streams, for example, the successor to the Lifelong Learning Programme, would prioritise support for languages other than English.
  • Immigrant languages have significantly changed the linguistic landscape in Europe. To develop more inclusive societies, immigrant languages should be explicitly recognised at European level. Funds should be allocated at the national and European levels to support language teaching from pre-primary to university education that reflects the diversity of student populations.
  • Existing barriers to the employment of teachers from other member states should be removed. Teachers should be enabled and encouraged to do training abroad to improve the level of achievement in language learning. For example, “Erasmus for teachers” should be established.
  • When creating audio-visual materials, subtitling – not dubbing – should be the default option for organisations on the European level. The comparative data demonstrate a strong positive correlation between subtitling and language competency.
  • We should reassess the ways in which multilingualism increases trade and profitability. Research is needed into how successful companies actually engage in successful business exchanges across languages and cultures from an economic and sociological perspective rather than with a solely linguistic bias to produce case studies and practical guidance.

Lid King, director of the Languages Company, said whilst presenting our Recommendations: “English is perceived as the language people should learn and are learning. That used to be the elephant in the room. Now we can see that elephant.” He said policymakers needed to recognise the “particular position” of English but that “more work needs to be done on how English can be used to support multilingualism.” He called on a strategy of subtitling as opposed to dubbing films, televisions programmes and conferences.

Faced with growing divisions amongst member states during the crisis, the EU needed to go in a positive direction towards celebrating diversity rather than being defensive and falling into ‘linguistic protectionism’, King said. He added that multilingualism could “calm tensions”, both amongst Europeans from different member states and non-EU immigrants.

You can read Androulla Vassilliou, European Commissioner for Education, Culture, Multilingualism and Youth, full response to the Recommendations .DSC_0083.

Learning languages a way out of crisis, says Vassiliou

Androulla Vassiliou posing in front of the poster of the "Language Rich Europe" networking project

Androulla Vassiliou posing in front of the poster of the “Language Rich Europe” networking project

Our Language Rich Europe Closing Conference took place earlier this week in Brussels on 5 March and called to action for European governments to improve language policies to ensure economic competitiveness and build more inclusive societies. European Commissioner for Education, Culture, Multilingualism and Youth, Androulla Vassiliou, addressed the Conference:

“If we want more mobile students and workers, and businesses that can operate on a European and world scale, we need better language competences – and these must be better targeted to the current and future needs of the labour market,” she said.

The latest European Commission figures show that in 2011 just 42% of European 15-year-olds were competent in their first foreign language, despite often having learned it from seven years of age. Furthermore, the figure differed hugely across different EU countries, with 82% for Sweden and just 9% for Britain.

The commissioner added that fostering languages was about more than employment for professional linguists, translators and interpreters.

“Our society will always need language specialists – professional linguists translating or interpreting, such as those people in the booths covering our proceedings today,” she said. “But languages, like politics, are too important to our lives to be left to specialists only.”

Read the full summary here.

Language Rich Europe launch – Denmark

In the latest of our launch events, Language Rich Europe will be launching the results of its research in Denmark on 6 February 2013. The programme is as follows:

Welcome: Sabine Kirchmeier-Andersen, Director, Danish Language Council

Presentation of LRE project: Aneta Quraishy, LRE Senior Project Manager, British Council

Presentation of LRE results: Professor Guus Extra, Tilburg University

Languages in Denmark in 3 language monitors, LRE, ELM and META-net: Sabine Kirchmeier-Andersen

Multilingualism in Denmark: Writer and Adj. prof. Peter Harder, Copenhagen Business School, Network for multilingualism ‘Ja-til sprog

Questions and panel discussion.

There will also be live-tweeting from the event from Language Rich Europe’s twitter account

You can read the results of the Denmark LRE research in Danish and English on our website.

Scottish Parliament launches inquiry into foreign language learning

On Friday 14 December 2012 the Scottish Parliament European and External Relations Committee launched an inquiry into the teaching of foreign languages in primary schools:

http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/parliamentarybusiness/CurrentCommittees/56920.aspx

“Earlier this year, the Government recommended that children should learn a second language from Primary 1 and that learning of a third language should start no later than Primary 5. The Committee has determined that it wants to look at this policy aim, the capacity within the curriculum for this, and the role of languages in supporting the economy.

The Committee would welcome views from parents, teachers and pupils for its inquiry. A call for views has been published at the Committee’s website at: http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/parliamentarybusiness/CurrentCommittees/57808.aspx

Issues to be explored in the Committee’s investigations include funding (including use of EU funds); the skills base and teaching resources available for language tuition; the capacity within the curriculum to accommodate greater language study; the choice of languages for teaching; and the role of languages in economic development.”

 

You may also be interested in the Language Rich Europe research in Scotland and the following blog posts:

 

- Language Rich Europe hits the headlines

Scotland – a multilingual country?

- Edwin Morgan – poetry’s ambassador for multilingualism

 

What has Language Rich Europe been up to lately?

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Language Rich Europe has had a very busy few months! In this post, LRE Director Simon Ingram-Hill reflects on some of the project’s recent activity.

After the launch events across the 25 participating European countries and regions this summer and the 50+ consultative workshops so far held, there was major LRE media coverage in a number of countries not least Scotland on 26 November about the lack of foreign language competence in UK hurting British business competitiveness.

We have just held our first major international conference at the British Academy with 160 policy makers and high level practitioners, debating key results from the research findings. British Council CEO Martin Davidson then launched the English version to 250 stakeholders of LRE’s CUP publication ‘Trends in Language Policies and Practices for Multilingualism in Europe’.

Other indications of how seriously this project is being taken: the full report is to be published in 19 other languages; we presented LRE to the all-party parliamentary committee on Modern Languages at the House of Lords on 10 December; key recommendations are being formulated for presentation at the European Parliament Brussels on 5 March.

And best? At the Report’s launch Caroline Parker signed a number of songs to much applause reprising her acclaimed performance at the Paralympics 2012 opening ceremony. Sign language by the way is an official minority language in many European countries.

Caroline Parker signs songs

Find out more from Simon Ingram-Hill and the Language Rich Europe website

Language Rich Europe in the Netherlands – Multilingualism in Business and Education

lre- pin wheel logo300x267As part of the Language Rich Europe project, we are holding workshops across Europe to discuss the findings and plan the next steps. In this blog post, Lorcan Murray, an intern at British Council Netherlands, writes about the workshop held in Utrecht in November.

Much ado about Language

On an unseasonably warm and sunny day, Projects Team Netherlands made its way to the heart of the country, to the lovely city of Utrecht (which meant Lorcán, the intern, had a much shorter commute, so he was happier than usual!). Our purpose was to host a Language Rich Europe workshop with our partners Levende Talen and Mercator, at the wonderful location of Silverijn, on multilingualism in business and education.

We arrived nice and early to deal with last minute preparations (“put the banner over there. No, over there. Hmm, a bit more the left.”) and panics (“What do you mean, you don’t know where the name badges are?!”), and welcomed our seventy invitees to arrive in dibs and drabs. Some arrived too early; some arrived unfashionably late, but eventually we were all gathered for the introduction from Toon van der Ven, the Chairman of Levende Talen and moderator of the afternoon, which kicked-off the programme.

Mr van der Ven was followed by a panel consisting of Ms Sena Dora International Account Manager at ABN AMRO (about being multilingual at a bank), Ms Debbie Ceiler, director of secondary school Bernardinus College (about her school offering a wide language programme), Dr. Michel Wauthion, Education attaché at the French Embassy in The Hague (about the situation on foreign languages offered in secondary education in France) and Professor Guus Extra (about LRE results for Netherlands and other European countries). Each panel member ended the discussion with a thought provoking point of view. Unfortunately, Your Humble Author was unable to witness this panel discussion, as, well; someone had to welcome the late-comers!

Fortunately, Your Humble Author was able to take part in one of the four group workshops, with each group containing a panel member, and so off we all split to our designated rooms. (Your Humble Author was in Group 4. Group 4 was the best group.) In these groups we discussed the point of view put forward by our respective panel member. In the case of Your Humble Author, it was foreign languages offered in France and the interesting idea of entrelinguisme – where you learn several similar languages at the same time, in this case French, Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, and Italian – was debated.

After all too short a time, the lively and interesting discussion was drawn to a close and we all reconvened to relay our findings and recommendations to the other groups. The findings of group 4? That there needs to be a more national consistency in language teaching, rather than have every school have a different language policy. Since you cannot speak every language, the need to be selective in which languages we teach is paramount. How do we choose? Unfortunately, that question proved too big for the timeframe!

The programme came to a close with a nice lecture from Jacomine Nortier from Universiteit Utrecht about the advantages and prejudice of multilingualism, including a delightful video example of code switching: a child switching between English, French, and Filipino in the same sentence!

And so the day came to end with a borreltje in the gezellig basement of Silverijn, and an excellent chance to network. Proost!